Global Research Society Publisher

GRS Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Studies

All Issues

1. Human Resource And School-Based Management Implementation On Teaching...
4

Leizel Jean Salmoy Basman*, Ap...
Professional Education Department, Central Mindanao University, University Town, Musuan, Bukidnon, 8710 Philippines
1-9
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15310325

The study aimed to determined the level of the human resource management, implementation of School-Based Management (SBM) and engagement of 302 teachers in the selected central schools in the Division of Valencia City, Province of Bukidnon, Philippines. This further ascertains the relationship of human resource management and SBM implementation to teaching engagement and examines which of the variables, singly or in combination, best predicts the engagement of the teachers in central schools for School Year 2023-2024. Descriptive analysis indicated that teachers experienced a high level of human resource management in the workplace. Meanwhile, the teachers described their School-Based Management (SBM) as fairly implemented. Furthermore, they are highly engaged as they practice their profession. Similarly, the findings revealed a significant relationship between human resource management and SBM implementation to teaching engagement. The predictors of teaching engagement are perceived organizational support, affective and normative commitment, discretionary behavior, curriculum and learning, and management of resources.

2. Strategies for Minimizing The Impact Of Corporate Conspiracy On Employ...
2

Philip Festus Ukata, PhD*, Dr....
Department of Office Technology and Management, School of Business and Administrative Studies Captain Elechi Amadi Polytechnic, Rumuola, Port – Harcourt, Rivers State.
10-18
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15323120

This study examined strategies for minimizing the impact of corporate conspiracy on employees` productivity in public tertiary institutions in Rivers state. Two research questions guided the study and two null hypotheses were tested. Descriptive survey research design was adopted. From a population of 123 lecturers, a census survey sampling was engaged. A four-point response options questionnaire was used for data collection, and it was validated by three experts. The reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach’s alpha which yielded coefficients of 0.73 and 0.75. Mean and Standard Deviation were used to answer the research questions and measure the spread in respondents` opinions, while one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that corporate conspiracy very highly, impacts negatively with very highly strategies available for minimizing the impact of corporate conspiracy on lecturers’ productivity. Consequently, it was concluded that if tertiary institutions managements are not careful of corporate conspiracy and device a better way of handling it, the productivity of lecturers will continue to lower with serious negative effect on the students`` performance and overall objectives of the tertiary institutions. Based on the findings, it was recommended that public tertiary institutions managements should among others adopt two-way communication to facilitate understanding, good quality employee organizational relationship to bring transparency and commitment, Goal-Setting Theory to examine the extent to which goal setting and feedback drive employees (lecturers) productivity in the tertiary institutions.

3. Emotional Resiliency and Digital Competency on the Work Productivity o...
6

Evelyn A. Vicente*, Aprell L....
Professional Education Department, Central Mindanao University, University Town, Musuan, Bukidnon, 8710 Philippines
19-28
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15341697

The study aimed to determine the level of emotional resiliency and digital competency on the work productivity of 304 basic education teachers in the Division of Valencia City, Province of Bukidnon, Philippines. This further finds out the relationship between emotional resiliency and digital competency on work productivity and identifies which variables, singly or in combination, best predict the work productivity of basic education teachers in the Division of Valencia City for the School Year 2023-2024. Descriptive analysis showed that basic education teachers in the division of Valencia City are very highly resilient and displayed a remarkable ability to adapt to challenges, manage stress, and navigate the emotional demands of their profession. Moreover, basic education teachers demonstrated a strong level of digital competency, effectively meeting the technological needs of 21st-century education. Meanwhile, basic education teachers consistently exhibit a high level of overall work productivity, delivering well-structured and engaging instruction. There is a significant relationship between emotional resiliency, digital competency, and the work productivity of basic education teachers. Teachers with higher digital skills and the ability to manage emotional challenges are more productive, thus rejecting the null hypothesis stating that there is no significant relationship between emotional resiliency and digital competency to the work productivity of basic education teachers. Also, spiritual influences, personal competencies, technological content knowledge, and technological pedagogical knowledge were found to be predictors of the work productivity of basic education teachers, and the null hypothesis is rejected, confirming that these variables, individually or in combination, play a significant role in predicting teacher work productivity. It is recommended that school administrators may support teachers by fostering spiritual well-being, promoting personal growth, and enhancing professional skills, which may ultimately improve their work productivity and overall teaching effectiveness.

4. Household performance contract and poverty reduction in the rural area...
7

Leonard Kubwimana*, Sibomana E...
University of Kigali, Department of Project Management, Musanze Campus, Rwanda
29-43
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15381830

The research was about the Household performance contract and poverty reduction in the rural area of Shingiro sector, in Musanze District, Rwanda (2017-2018). The target population of the study considered Head of households and 8 Key Informants including the local leaders in different villages and the total number of households is 450. Data were coded, recorded and edited. The analysis used SPSS, and excels as tools and frequency, percentages were calculated and interpreted. As the first objective was to assess the level of participation of the population in household performance contract in the rural area of Shingiro sector in Musanze district; The findings showed that though households plan the level of participation in planning is very small (43.46%) and participation in implementation is moderate (63.46%) while in evaluation the participation is 37.75%, which is still a gap to be covered. The indication is that they need to be trained, explained what performance contract is, its role, the objective and the contribution to poverty reduction to improve their standard of living before they sign the activities plan. Again, the second objective was to examine the effect of household performance contract on poverty reduction in the rural area of Shingiro sector; Musanze District, the findings show that the activities highly affect the infrastructure and socio-economic living condition at household level which is still a big problem. As many of the respondents were households who think that there is an effect of household performance contract on poverty reduction. As the third objective was to analyze the challenges associated with the level of household participation to the performance contract on poverty reduction in the rural area of Shingiro sector; Musanze District, the findings indicated that in evaluation, the lack of citizen (knowledge and skills) was at the high level. The average for all Challenges indicated that there is a big gap in evaluation of households’ performance contract

5. Optimization of Planting Depth and Spacing for Improvement of Growth a...
10

Sadia Afrin*, Mahmudul Hasan C...
Principal Scientific Officer, Soil Resource Development Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Bangladesh.
44-48
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15394356

Gladiolus is a commercially important cut flower in many countries. However, scientific research on its cultivation under the climatic conditions of Bangladesh is quite limited, representing a significant research gap. To address this, a two-factor experiment (planting depth and spacing) was completed by a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) where three replications were available. Each factors contained 3 levels namely spacing 1 (25 cm x 10 cm, S1), spacing 2 (25 cm x 15 cm, S2) and spacing 3 (25 cm x 20 cm, S3), depth 1 (5 cm, D1), depth 2 (7 cm, D2 and depth 3 (9 cm, D3). Three blocks were divided into 9 plots. The plot size was 120 cm x 100 cm. The plot-plot spacing was 50 cm in both sides. The widest spacing ensured tallest plant (54.49 cm), maximum number of leaves (8.90), tallest spike (85.68 cm), maximum weight of individual corm (44.39 gm) per plant, whereas maximum yield of spike (11.40 t/ha) and corm (7.99 t/ha) was obtained from the closest spacing. Similarly the shallowest depth of planting produced maximum weight (6.54 t/ha) and number of cormel (38.43 / plant) whereas the deepest depth produced tallest (82.56 cm) and heaviest (8.71 t/h) spike. Combination of S1 and D3 produced the maximum yield of spike (12 t/h) but S1 combine with D1 produced the highest yield of corm (8.29 t/ha).

6. Transformation from Traditional To Contemporary Techniques in Sand Fil...
1

Sivamani Selvaraju*, Raja Thir...
College of Engineering and Technology, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Salalah, Oman.
48-53
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15400519

Sand filtration systems have long served as a cornerstone in water and wastewater treatment, offering a reliable and cost-effective method for removing suspended solids and improving water quality. Recent advances in materials science, engineering configurations, and digital technologies have significantly transformed the design and efficiency of sand filter beds. This review explores the evolution of materials used in modern sand filter beds, including alternative media such as crushed glass, zeolites, and biochar, which offer enhanced filtration performance and sustainability. It examines innovative configurations and techniques that improve filtration rates, reduce maintenance, and optimize space utilization. The integration of intelligent digital technologies—such as real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance, and data-driven optimization—is discussed as a key enabler of smart filtration systems. The review also highlights automation strategies and control systems that enhance operational efficiency and reduce labor intensity. Additionally, the emergence of hybrid systems that combine sand filtration with complementary technologies such as membrane filtration, UV disinfection, and advanced oxidation processes is analyzed for their potential in achieving higher treatment standards. Collectively, these advancements are shaping a new generation of sand filter systems that are more efficient, adaptive, and sustainable. The paper concludes by identifying research gaps and proposing future directions for innovation in this essential area of water treatment technology.

7. Strategic Value Chain Design for Sustainability: A Multi-Criteria Deci...
8

Achille Laurent PhD*, Mathieu...
TransLucid, based in Paris, France
54-66
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15475316

Background: Designing supply chains has become a strategic focus for companies aiming to stay economically competitive, particularly in a landscape shaped by global trade and faster industrial cycles. Purpose: This paper presents a novel strategic decision support model that integrates Life Cycle Assessments (LCAs) with multicriteria optimization to facilitate sustainable value chain design. The goal is to identify the optimal solution(s) to a design problem while balancing multiple sustainability criterion. Study design/methodology/approach: The study employs an integrated approach that combines Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for environmental criteria and Life-Cycle Costing (LCC) for economic criteria within a multi-criteria optimization framework. The model considers various strategic options, including material flows and investments in new technologies, and generates Pareto fronts to depict compromise solutions between conflicting criteria. The model's key innovation lies in its ability to optimize solutions while ensuring fairness and comparability between all prospective alternatives. This is achieved through a multicriteria optimization framework that evaluates multiple objectives and determines optimal solutions. To demonstrate the model's practicality and replicability, a real-world case study is presented in the forest sector, a challenging industry characterized by complexity and convergence. Findings/conclusions: Applying the model to a real-life case study demonstrates its potential to provide valuable information to decision-makers, and highlights its generic nature, making it applicable to a variety of industrial sectors.. The proposed model provides a novel decision support framework for companies seeking to develop a comprehensive sustainability strategy for their entire value chain, thereby enabling the identification of compromise solutions that balance minimizing environmental impacts with long-term viability. By presenting a generic and replicable approach, this paper contributes to the development of a functional strategic decision tool that can be used to support sustainable value chain design. Limitations/future research: The current multi-criteria optimization addresses only economic and environmental factors, but integrating social aspects remains necessary for comprehensive decision support in sustainable development. Incorporating uncertainty into the solutions presents an additional challenge, which could be mitigated by using a stochastic optimization framework to better account for risks and trade-offs.

8. Effect of Heavy Metal on Bacterial Characterization in Soil
13

Mahmudul Hasan Chowdhury*, Md....
Scientific Officer, Soil Resource Development Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Bangladesh.
67-70
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15493882

Soil sample of Gopalpur soil series was taken to understand heavy metal effect on bacterial characterization. The soil was collected in the laboratory using a thermos flask. The sample was sieved and sorted properly and mixed throughly. Analytical-grade sulfate (SO₄²⁻) salts of zinc, copper, and cadmium were applied to designated pots, both individually and in combinations. The soil sample that received no metal treatment served as the control. These heavy metals (Cu, Cd & Zn) and their combinations were applied to the soil. 0 day, 15 days, 30 days, 45 days and 60 days were selected as incubation periods. The experiment was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Combined applications of heavy metals are found more toxic to bacterial population than single application. The treatments, both Cd (3000ppm) and Cu+Cd+Zn (1000ppm+1000ppm+1000ppm), were found more toxic to both Gram- positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria. If we compare with Gram- positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria were found more resistant. Treatments, both Cd (3000ppm) and Cu+Cd+Zn (1000ppm+1000ppm+1000ppm), were more toxic to both non spore forming bacteria and spore forming bacteria. Here, spore forming bacteria were found more resistant. Treatment,Cu+Cd+Zn(1000ppm+1000ppm+1000ppm), was more toxic to both non capsulated bacteria and capsulated bacteria. We found capsulated bacteria bacteria as more resistant. Gram-positive bacteria, non spore forming bacteria, non capsulated bacteria were very sensitive whereas Gram-negative bacteria, spore forming bacteria and capsulated bacteria were available as resistant to heavy metals.

9. Antibiotic resistance among some bacterial isolated from patients with...
2

Rasha Noori Hammad, Nawres Abd...
MSc. Microbiology/ Ministry of Health/ Baghdad / Iraq.
71-77
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15511489

Background: Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is one of the main series global public health threats in the world. Its emergency among bacterial pathogens for local understand for the epidemiological situation. We needed information about that by gather both for clinical treatment decision-making purposes in addition to for the revision of present care guidelines. Objective: Our study was aimed to identify the local bacterial Uropathogens in south of Baghdad that appear antimicrobial resistance situation for major antibiotic in group of patients have history with Urinary tract infections (UTIs) Methodology: From February 2022 to October 2023, 51 patients which referred from hospital in south of Baghdad, Iraq with history of UTI. Five species of bacteria was isolated from samples which defined after culturing by microscopic, biochemical tests. Results: the study shown high significant differences at (P≤0.01) in bacterial infection in female compared with male, communal bacteria that reason UTI Escherichia coli (E.coli) appear high rates in female at 50%, while in male about 30.7%, as well as, staphylococcus aureus showed high rates after E.coli then other bacteria like Enterococcus sp., Klebsiella sp. E.coli showed high resistance against many antibiotic like Amikacin (AK), Amoxicillin-clavulanate (AUG), Azithromycin (AM), Cefotaxime (CTX), ceftriaxone (CRO) and other Beta-lactamase antibiotics, Gentamycin (CN), Levofloxacin (LEV), Tetracycline (TE) and Doxycycline (DXT). These isolates showed sensitive against Imipenem. Other results appeared most of bacteria like Klebsiella, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas sp. have resistance against Azithromycin and Gentamycin. Conclusion: Many studies performed to a dangerous about use antibiotic without any warnings that make most of UTIs pathogenic bacteria resistance especially E. coli for wide range of antibiotics that make us thinking thousands of times before using antibiotics without consult a doctor.





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