Global Research Society Publisher

GRS Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Studies

All Issues

1. Advances in Dense Linear Algebra: From Gauss to Strassen
20

Moumouni Djassibo Woba*, Zoung...
Université Lédéa Bernard OUEDRAOGO (B.F).
1-8
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15117342

Linear algebra lies at the core of many algorithmic problems. Standard matrix multiplication and the Gaussian elimination method have arithmetic complexity that is cubic in terms of input size. In this article, we show that for most dense linear algebra problems—multiplication, inversion, determinant, system solving—more efficient algorithms exist with strictly sub-cubic complexity.

2. WHAT IS NEURON ?
6

Pavle Vesić
Fond Pio - Serbia
9-11
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15126275

Neuron is the cell whose function in live organisms is equvivalent to the neutron particle function in matter atom. Neutron role in matter atoms is to establish and keep atom charge neutrality ( all atoms in periodic table of elements are neutral ). Charge neutrality means that subject which we analize exebite neither posetive nor negative charge ( proton and electron are posetively and negatively charged elementar particles, respectivaly ). Further on, all compaunds and multiple atom combinations in nature are also neutral. Single cell organisms exebite charge neutrality, too.They realese their neutrality by the rna- dna function. Multycell organisms also present themselve to the outer space as neutral. That neutrality is accomplished by neuron function.

3. Baobab: A Concise Review of Botany and Agricultural Innovation For Sus...
8

Selvaraju Sivamani*, Lakhyar A...
College of Engineering and Technology, Engineering Department, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Salalah, Oman.
12-20
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15167388

The baobab tree (Adansonia) is an iconic species known for its unique morphology, remarkable longevity, and critical ecological role. Originating approximately 80 million years ago, baobabs are primarily found in certain tropical regions. This paper explores the botany and agriculture of baobab trees, highlighting their essential contributions to local ecosystem and culture. The tree is often referred to as the tree of life due to its ability to store water and provide sustenance through its nutrient-rich fruit. However, modern challenges such as climate change, overharvesting, and habitat loss threaten the future of these ancient trees. Conservation efforts and sustainable practices are crucial for preserving baobab populations, which hold significant ecological, cultural, and economic importance. By examining scientific research and regulatory frameworks surrounding baobab use, this paper advocates for a balanced approach to harnessing the benefits of baobabs while ensuring their long-term survival.

4. Teaching Artificial Intelligence Tools Required Of Undergraduates for...
5

Philip Festus Ukata, PhD*, End...
Department of Office Technology and Management, School of Business and Administrative Studies, Captain Elechi Amadi Polytechnic, Rumuola, Port – Harcourt, Rivers State.
21-27
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15172229

This study was on teaching artificial intelligence tools required of undergraduates for communication and digital entrepreneurship in public tertiary institutions in Rivers State. One research question guided the study and one null hypothesis was tested. Descriptive survey research design was adopted. From a population of 139 communication and entrepreneurship lecturers, a census survey sampling was employed. A four-point response options questionnaire was used for data collection, and it was validated by three experts. The reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach’s alpha which yielded coefficient of 0.77. Mean and Standard Deviation were used to answer the research question and measure the spread in respondents` opinions, while one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the null hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that all the types of AI tools stated were very highly required to be taught undergraduates for communication and digital entrepreneurship activities. Also, educational attainment plays vital roles in teaching AI tools to undergraduates for communication and digital entrepreneurship activities. Consequently, it was concluded that if AI tools are included in the curriculum and taught, it will transform the programmes positively, lead to AI skills development and enable the undergraduates to acquire employability skills. Among other things, it was recommended that AI tools should be included in communication and entrepreneurship curriculum through yearly internal curriculum review by lecturers in collaboration with their institutions and five years national review by all levels of government

5. Compulsory Licensing in India: Compatibility with International Norms
0

Lokinder Sharma
Student at NLSIU, Bengaluru.
28-31
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15256244

The link between a society's socioeconomic development and the availability of intellectual property is well established. Numerous studies have explored the effects of intellectual property regimes on various aspects of social and economic growth, including “international trade, foreign investment, competition, innovation, and access to new technologies.” However, each society has unique needs shaped by its historical, economic, legal, and cultural context. This paper briefly looks into the evolution of international law, in the context of compulsory licensing demands vehemently pushed by the developing world to ensure fair access to intellectual property given the fact that neither knowledge is built in a vacuum, nor does countries like the USA, was in favour strict regimes guarding intellectual properties during their development years. This paper focuses on India's pivotal role in international negotiations that shaped the global intellectual property framework and assesses the compatibility of compulsory licensing provisions in India's Copyright Act of 1957 (“the Act”) with international standards. This compatibility is crucial as India emerges as a significant global power.

6. The Impact of Blue Economy Factors On Economic Growth in Sierra Leone:...
10

Sorie Kalie Bangura*, Emmanuel...
Green Earth Makeni, Sierra Leone, Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Science and Engineering. Tongji University 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, R.P China.
32-40
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15263590

This study investigates the impact of blue economy factors on Sierra Leone’s economic growth from 1990 to 2023, using GDP as the dependent variable. It examines the contributions of Ocean Trade, Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Agriculture, emphasizing the importance of sustainable marine resource management in alignment with Goal 14 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which advocates for the sustainable use of ocean resources. The analysis employs an econometric time series approach, utilizing secondary data collected between 1990 and 2023. The Granger Causality Test was conducted to determine the causal relationships between the independent variables and GDP growth. Findings reveal that blue economy factors significantly contribute to Sierra Leone’s economic progress. Ocean Trade enhances economic activity through increased maritime commerce and revenue generation. Fisheries play a pivotal role in ensuring food security and providing employment opportunities. Aquaculture supports economic diversification by complementing traditional fisheries, while Agriculture is a critical control variable in understanding broader economic dynamics The study underscores the need for sustainable management and strategic investment in the blue economy to ensure long-term economic growth. Key recommendations include prioritizing Ocean Trade, Fisheries, and Aquaculture investments, fostering international partnerships, and implementing policies promoting sustainable practices. These measures aim to harness the untapped potential of Sierra Leone’s ocean resources, foster economic transformation, and advance the nation’s development agenda. The findings affirm the blue economy as vital to Sierra Leone's sustainable growth, offering valuable perspectives for policymakers to drive development .

7. Method of Mixed Element Alloyed in Ti Based Alloy and the Diffusion of...
0

Ren Xu*, Xubiao, Xiang Yun.
Ping Xiang University 211 Ping An North Avenue, Pingxiang City, Jiangxi Province, China.
41-69
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15296774

The mixed element method P/M Ti alloy has advantages in production cost, freedom of composition selection and microstructure design than Ti alloys prepared by casting deformation and other powder metallurgy methods, and is the most promising method for preparing low-cost Ti alloys. a craft. In order to obtain fully dense sintered alloys with uniform and fine microstructure and low impurity element content in a simple process, the thermal expansion simulation test, optical microscopic analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, SEM microscopic analysis, TEM microscopic analysis were carried out in this paper. By means of analysis and mechanical property testing, the effects of alloying elements such as Fe, Mo and Nd on the sintering behavior and evolution of Ti alloys’ properties and microstructure were emphatically studied, and the following conclusions were drawn: 1. The addition of iron is beneficial to the sintering and densification of Ti-Fe alloys, and the promotion effect is greater with the increase of iron content. With the increase of iron content, the average size of the original β-grains and the average size of the flaky α-clusters of the Widmandarin sheet structure of Ti-Fe alloys increased, the thickness of the α-sheets decreased sharply, and the tensile strength increased significantly. Moreover, when the sintering temperature increases, the average size of the original β-grain, the average size of the α-cluster and the thickness of the α-sheet increase sharply, and the tensile strength and elongation decrease rapidly. This is the combined effect of the β-phase stabilization of iron and the high diffusion rate of iron. 2. The addition of Mo element is majorly beneficial to the microstructure refinement of Ti-Mo alloy. The research shows that the addition of Mo element refines the Widmandarin flaky structure of Ti-Mo alloy, and after increasing the sintering temperature, the structure of Ti-Mo alloy does not grow significantly. The fundamental reason is the lower diffusion rate of Mo atoms. The addition of Mo element is beneficial to enhance the tensile strength of Ti alloy, which is majorly due to the grain refinement effect of Mo element. 3. The addition of Nd element is beneficial to the sintering and densification of Ti alloys. The main reason is that the three phases of NdAl2, NdAl3 and Nd3Al in the added Nd-Al alloy form a transient liquid phase, which promotes the diffusion of Ti matrix. In the sintered Ti alloy, two types of Nd-rich second-phase particles are formed: one is precipitated in the crystal of the Ti matrix, and the shape is mostly ellipsoid with a uniform structure; the second type is precipitated on the grain boundary, with a shape Mostly irregular, with a multi-layer organizational structure. It is difficult to determine the exact phase structure of the two types of Nd-rich second-phase particles, and it can be considered that the particles are composed of some transition-state Ti-Nd-O complexes. Meanwhile, the formation mechanism of two types of Nd-rich second-phase particles is predicted. The addition of Nd element is beneficial to improve the Ti alloy’s mechanical properties . The fundamental reasons can be attributed to two points: one is to obtain higher sintering performance and reduce the porosity; the other is to capture the oxygen in the element powder, realize the purification of the Ti matrix, and lead to more sintered Ti alloys. Residual β phase.





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