Global Research Society Publisher

GRS Journal of Arts and Educational Sciences

All Issues

1. The Impact of Social Media Usage on Students’ Academic Performance: Ba...
7

Mahfuj Sarder*, Mohammad Naeem...
Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Science, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Bangladesh.
1-9
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16810083

Social media is a tool and an avenue through which individuals can access the internet using their laptops, smartphones, etc. A way to create a virtual community and share posts, images, videos and information. The primary users of social media are students. This research focused on apprehending the impact of social media usage on academic achievement of students at Jatiya kabi kazi Nazrul Islam University. Questionnaire and interview have been used as a tool for collecting primary data where most of the related literatures including journal articles, journals, surveys from various sources collected as secondary data. As study design, simple random sampling was implemented, and the study connected two research theories. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Office Excel software and SPSS. Almost all students of Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University are using internet and a large part is involved with various social media which can negatively influence on their academic performance but only have significant negative effects primarily. The results implies that students engage in a mix of chit-chat and academic activities. It is done in order to keep the social networking activities of students and the academics away from each other to avoid any academic setbacks.

2. A review of the peaceful settlement of international disputes and its...
3

Dr. Mehmet Uçkaç, PhD*
International Science and Technology University.
10-16
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16875335

Legal claims regarding international trade, on the one hand, indicate the level of participation of countries in international trade as well as their commercial activities in various economic issues. Since energy is currently considered one of the main foundations of international trade, and the resolution of international disputes and claims or failures in this field can play an important role in international trade. This is especially evident in the energy sector, which plays an important role in international trade. In this context, the present article raises the question of how the use of peaceful methods of resolving international disputes in the energy sector can affect the development of international trade? The hypothesis is that the use of the Energy Charter Treaty and the adoption of special diplomatic approaches by different countries can significantly reduce the number of referrals to the International Court of Arbitration. In this context, utilizing the methods of the investor state, diplomatic methods, and establishing centers for resolving disputes between the two parties can be considered as alternative approaches to referring to the International Court of Arbitration, and countries can resolve their disputes before referring to it, thereby promoting the development of trade in the international arena. Due to the attention paid to the role of peaceful methods in resolving international disputes in the energy sector, this article uses a descriptive-analytical method that has collected data using library and document resources

3. A Review of the Knowledge Management Framework in International Techno...
2

Dr. Mehmet Uçkaç, PhD*
International Science and Technology University
17-22
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16875351

The basis of technology demand and its transfer at the international level is the knowledge gap that exists between the supplier and the importer of technology. A deep understanding of this gap can better meet the demands of international technology transfer, enable it to be carried out more effectively using information technology tools, and reduce the time and costs of transfer. This article also identifies the stages of international technology transfer along with the types of knowledge gaps

4. The place of artificial intelligence and its effects (on the quality o...
2

Dr. Mehmet Uçkaç, PhD*
International Science and Technology University
23-29
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16875363

In today's technological world, artificial intelligence has launched the fourth revolution with its proven efficiency and capabilities, and like a great and powerful wave, it has covered all areas of human life and has arisen with the help or replacement of many tasks. One of the areas of application of artificial intelligence is in criminal investigations, which deals with the discovery of crimes, identification of the accused, proof of guilt, and identification of victims. This will help improve and accelerate police performance, increase the accuracy of criminal investigations, and play an effective role in preventing crime and high-risk behaviors in society. It will also play an effective role in implementing preventive justice, creating security in society, and improving judicial decisions to provide relief to institutions. In this article, the capabilities and capacities of artificial intelligence in criminal investigations and similar examples used in the world have been presented and analyzed in order to prove the need for the use of artificial intelligence in criminal investigations and to take the necessary steps and planning by policymakers and government officials in this field. The most important topics discussed include the role of artificial intelligence in crime detection and prediction, the risk-taking capabilities of criminals, and the operational capabilities of law enforcement agencies and the introduction of artificial intelligence programs implemented in the field of criminal investigations around the world.

5. A Review of Understanding the International Economic Order and World P...
6

Dr. Mehmet Uçkaç, PhD, Prof. D...
International Science and Technology University
30-33
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16875403


6. The Role of Cultural Diplomacy and Friendship Associations in Internat...
4

Prof, Dr. Mohammad Ekram YAWAR...
Dean of the Faculty of Law, International Science and Technology University, Warsaw, Poland
34-43
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16875961

The role of non-governmental organizations is currently considered to be the manifestation of the formal and organized presence of the people of a country in foreign relations and the interaction process of the world community; therefore, friendship associations are considered one of the influential players in the field of public diplomacy. The developments of recent decades in the international arena indicate that the role of friendship associations, public institutions, and informal organizations in global dynamics is expanding, and in parallel, the role of states in this relationship is decreasing. Since associations play a role in two key areas, namely relations between nations and the international environment, their scope of activity and activism is very broad and widely recognized. Today, relying solely on classical methods is in no way sufficient to meet the needs of modern diplomacy. The increasing ability to access vast amounts of information and the speed of its transmission to audiences in the far corners of the world has challenged the management of foreign policy by states. Traditional hierarchical models, in the shadow of communication technology, have inadvertently given way to complex networks without central control, and diplomacy can now be interpreted as an interwoven mechanism of government, media, and public opinion. On the other hand, there is no doubt that the era of domination and the hegemony of hard power has passed, and in the modern and post-modern world, what determines the direction and process of affairs in relations between states and especially nations more than any other factor is the power of thought, dialogue, the pen, mutual understanding, and human relations. Achieving political, security, and economic goals has always been one of the most important aims of countries in formulating and implementing their foreign policies. To achieve these goals, countries have traditionally pursued a type of diplomacy based on political, military, and economic approaches and tools; however, in the early years of the third millennium, relatively new approaches to diplomacy have been proposed that recommend greater attention and emphasis on cultural approaches and tools for foreign policymakers and planners. This article aims to explain cultural diplomacy, the role of friendship associations in international relations, the impact of cultural factors on diplomacy, and how to effectively use “soft power” to advance countries’ diplomacy.

7. A Review of International Relations and (Civilizational Theorizing)
2

Prof, Dr. Mohammad Ekram YAWAR...
Dean of the Faculty of Law, International Science and Technology University, Warsaw, Poland
44-52
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16885973

Theoretical evolution in international relations is one of the important topics in the knowledge of this field. In examining theoretical evolution, the central issue is how to create new theories, create scientific debates between theories, and ultimately the emergence of different or conflicting theories. The introduction of the concept of civilization into the knowledge of international relations and the emergence of two readings of civilization have revealed the civilizational analysis of international relations in two different approaches. One approach considers civilization as a fixed and static "state", and the other approach considers civilization as a "process". What both approaches have in common is that they both acknowledge the context-centered nature of this theory and accept civilization as a level of analysis and a political category, but their difference lies in providing a different definition of the nature of civilization, the international system, and the analytical outputs of the application of civilization as a level of analysis. The hypothesis of the present study is that the existence of two conflicting approaches to civilization in international relations has shaped a civilizational perspective in international relations, and it seems that international relations is on the verge of the emergence of a civilizational theory. This research attempts to present a clear picture of this debate and a meta-analysis of the requirements for theorizing international relations through a descriptive-analytical method, referring to the texts and meta-analysis of the data produced.

8. In the Theories of International Relations and Geopolitics: The Study...
1

Prof, Dr. Mohammad Ekram YAWAR...
Dean of the Faculty of Law, International Science and Technology University, Warsaw, Poland
53-60
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16885993

One of the key debates within the theories and schools of international relations and geopolitics is the discussion surrounding the sources of conflict and disputes between states. Since tensions and conflicts between states and governments have always occurred at various levels and dimensions—and will likely continue in the future—scholars and theorists from different schools of international relations and geopolitics have sought to identify and explain the roots and factors contributing to international conflicts in various ways. The schools of thought and philosophy in international relations, based on their approaches to analyzing global issues, have presented their perspectives on the emergence of differences and conflicts between political units across local, national, regional, and global dimensions. Given the importance of identifying the factors that create tension and conflict in inter-state relations, a wide range of perspectives has been proposed by thinkers from different academic disciplines as well as diverse intellectual and philosophical schools. It appears that each theory in international relations, depending on the philosophical foundations and scientific approaches of its proponents, identifies different—and at times contradictory—factors as the causes of conflict between states. Geopolitical thinkers have also analyzed various aspects of geopolitical factors contributing to inter-state conflict but have not offered a comprehensive or unified view of this phenomenon. In this article, using a descriptive-analytical approach in an applied study, the emerging sources of conflict between states will be examined within the framework of theories in international relations and geopolitics.

9. In the International Foreign Policy of Countries: Soft War of Satellit...
1

Prof, Dr. Mohammad Ekram YAWAR...
Dean of the Faculty of Law, International Science and Technology University, Warsaw, Poland
61-68
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16886009

Recent developments in global affairs and the growing influence of media have given rise to a new dimension in foreign policy—media diplomacy—which explores how media shape’s global public opinion and influences the foreign policies of states as a powerful tool. The significant impact of global television in resolving political conflicts and guiding public opinion, often as an instrument of soft war, inspires a fresh perspective on soft war in international relations by emphasizing the role of international communications in information exchange and political propaganda. Some scholars argue that, in today’s turbulent world, the widespread dissemination of information via international television networks is essential. These global networks, by broadcasting world news and international events, capture public attention and embed their narratives and analyses in the minds of their audiences. According to the author, the international flow of information allows countries with advanced information and communication technologies to craft myths, commercial messages, and political propaganda that target large audiences both nationally and internationally. Through this, they strategically convey political, economic, and cultural content aligned with their interests to influence global public opinion.

10. A Review of the Economic Impact of the 2022 Russia-Ukraine War on the...
1

Prof, Dr. Mohammad Ekram YAWAR...
Dean of the Faculty of Law, International Science and Technology University, Warsaw, Poland
69-74
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16886018

Russia’s large-scale military invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, coupled with the severe financial sanctions imposed on Moscow, has generated profound economic consequences not only for Russia but also for the global economy, particularly the United States and Europe. Inflation triggered by the Ukraine crisis continues to affect major economies worldwide, fueled by sharp increases in energy prices—especially oil and gas—as well as industrial and agricultural commodities. Previous studies have sought to examine the economic ramifications of the 2022 Russia-Ukraine conflict on principal global actors, especially the United States and Europe, which have imposed stringent financial sanctions on Russia. Accordingly, the primary research question is: What has been the impact of the 2022 Russia-Ukraine war on the international economy, particularly on the United States and Europe? The research hypothesis posits that, given the political and military dimensions of the conflict, national leaders prioritized geopolitical objectives over economic considerations. These re-elevated economic issues—historically considered secondary policy concerns during the Cold War—to the forefront of high-level policy deliberations, resulting in economic stagnation and global price increases. A descriptive-analytical methodology has been employed to systematically analyze the data.

11. Study of the Member States of the Economic Cooperation Organization in...
1

Prof, Dr. Mohammad Ekram YAWAR...
Dean of the Faculty of Law, International Science and Technology University, Warsaw, Poland
75-79
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16886030

Economic issues are increasingly integral to the functioning of contemporary governments. This study examines the framework of international law governing trade within the member states of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO). The ECO aims to enhance economic development and promote sustainable growth among its members; however, as the majority of its members are developing countries, significant economic and legal inconsistencies persist. Such discrepancies hinder the organization from achieving its core objectives, potentially limiting its overall effectiveness. This study first analyzes trade indices among ECO member states, then identifies the principal determinants of trade, and finally investigates the impact of international investment treaties on the application of international law. The results indicate that, during the period 2003–2015, ECO member states exhibited a relatively low average intra-industry trade index, reflecting insufficient industrial and legal infrastructure. Intra-industry trade levels are considerably lower than those observed in industrialized nations, particularly the European Union, where the average intra-industry trade index reaches approximately 69 percent. Moreover, political dynamics and international relations have further contributed to the organization’s limited efficacy. This article employs a descriptive-analytical methodology, drawing upon reliable documents and empirical data.





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