Global Research Society Publisher

GRS Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Studies

All Issues

1. International Relations Theories in the Age of Artificial Intelligence...
8

Dr. Mehmet Uçkaç, PhD* & Prof,...
International Science and Technology University
1-7
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16892258

This study seeks to examine the potential transformative impact of artificial intelligence on international relations, particularly on theories of international politics. Assuming that the future of international relations studies will focus on artificial intelligence and its applications, and using an analytical-descriptive method, this article seeks to answer the question of how "international relations theory" has confronted the areas and fields under study with inherent transformations through computer automation. The achievements of the article indicate that the computer and algorithmic system, by reproducing innovative indicators of international relations theories and using the military, security, political, economic and legal functions of artificial intelligence, have a significant impact on the evolution and development of international relations.

2. International Law and Nuclear Right
2

Dr. Mehmet Uçkaç, PhD* & Prof,...
International Science and Technology University
8-12
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16886386

The global imperative to curtail the proliferation of nuclear weapons and ultimately achieve their total elimination has precipitated the adoption of a strategic framework that incentivizes and facilitates the use of nuclear technology for peaceful purposes. This policy has demonstrably mitigated the risk of widespread atomic weapons development on a global scale. Nonetheless, recent uranium enrichment and reprocessing activities by non-nuclear-weapon states have generated profound international disputes. These states contend that deficiencies and gaps in the safeguards administered by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), as well as limitations within the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of nuclear weapons (NPT), should not be invoked to obstruct their legitimate pursuit of peaceful nuclear technology. Under the NPT, non-nuclear-weapon states are categorically precluded from acquiring nuclear weapons and are bound to rigorously comply with the obligations articulated in Articles 2 and 3 of the Treaty. These obligations include the coordination and adherence to IAEA monitoring and verification mechanisms to ensure that nuclear activities remain exclusively for peaceful purposes. In return for assuming these stringent responsibilities, non-nuclear-weapon states are entitled to fully realize the benefits and privileges of treaty membership, including unimpeded access to nuclear technology for peaceful applications.

3. Studying the Position of International Trade in Exports
5

Dr. Mehmet Uçkaç, PhD* & Prof,...
International Science and Technology University
13-17
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16886391

The present study aims to examine the foundations and principles of international trade and exports. Employing a descriptive-analytical methodology and relying on library resources, the research highlights the critical role of exports in promoting economic growth by enhancing skilled labor and technology within domestic markets. Exports serve as a tool for achieving economies of scale, thereby improving efficiency and productivity over the long term. Given that a company’s success in international markets can often be evaluated through its export performance, identifying the factors that influence exports is more crucial than ever. Exports and international trade have consistently held a strategic position for countries. Nevertheless, achieving high performance in exports remains a challenge due to factors such as transportation infrastructure, cultural differences between independent business partners, and diverse competitive conditions. Effective exporting contributes to product and market development, ultimately improving firm profitability. Furthermore, it enables firms to benefit from the experience curve and strengthen their economic position in the home country. Ownership advantages encompass a firm’s tangible and intangible assets, international experience, and its capacity to develop low-cost or differentiated products. Locational advantages relate to market-specific factors, including costs, market potential, and investment risk. Finally, the advantages of internationalization include retaining core competencies within the firm and integrating them into the value chain, rather than outsourcing, licensing, or selling them

4. The Status and Provisional Implementation of International Treaties in...
2

Dr. Mehmet Uçkaç, PhD* & Prof,...
International Science and Technology University
18-25
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16886404

The provisional implementation of international treaties represents a relatively recent and increasingly significant development within the field of international treaty law. Over the past decades, this mechanism has assumed a critical role in promoting the flexibility and responsiveness of the international legal system. This study seeks to examine the various dimensions of provisional implementation by elucidating its legal framework within the context of treaties concluded by international organizations and analyzing the diverse forms through which it is applied. It further investigates the underlying reasons for the growing reliance on provisional implementation relative to other traditional and contemporary instruments in treaty law. In addition, the study explores the methodologies employed in the provisional application of treaties and underscores its practical significance in the operational functioning of international organizations. Notably, the topic has been included on the agenda of the International Law Commission since 2012, with four reports published on the subject as of February 2019.

5. Examining the Position and Role of Biotechnology in the Development of...
2

Dr. Mehmet Uçkaç, PhD* & Prof,...
International Science and Technology University
26-36
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16886409

By protecting biodiversity and developing solutions—including those for removing pollutants from water, soil, and air—biotechnology has enabled the use of biomass and biodiesel for fuel production. Additionally, by creating a basis for extracting genetic material from the remains of extinct plant and animal species to simulate extinct or endangered species, it has laid the groundwork for the development of international environmental law. This can significantly contribute to the advancement of international law in this area, particularly by providing alternative mechanisms to traditional methods of preventing and addressing environmental degradation. Despite the substantial role of biotechnology in the development of international environmental law, the emergence of unknown toxic compounds, allergic reactions, and unpredictable genetic contamination—resulting from the introduction of modified organisms into ecosystems—may also contribute to further environmental degradation or contamination. Nevertheless, both the positive impacts of this technology and its potential harms have been key factors in shifting the international community’s perception of the importance of environmental protection. This shift has ultimately accelerated the process of developing and codifying international environmental law more extensively than before. In this article, by examining both the benefits and risks of biotechnology, we aim to explore how it can be utilized to advance international environmental law. In this regard, while the positive aspects of biotechnology should be acknowledged, it is equally important not to overlook its potential consequences and side effects.





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